At least since the Renaissance, many artists and architects have proportioned their works to approximate the golden ratio—especially in the form of the golden rectangle, in which the ratio of the longer side to the shorter is the golden ratio— believing this proportion to be aesthetically pleasing. Mathematicians have studied the golden ratio because of its unique and interesting properties.
The golden ratio can be expressed as a mathematical constant, usually denoted by the Greek letter (phi). The figure of a golden section illustrates the geometric relationship that defines this constant. Expressed algebraically:
The proportions of different plant components (numbers of leaves to branches, diameters of geometrical figures inside flowers) are often showing the golden ratio proportion in several species.
ISO 7810 cards such as Visa or MasterCard have an aspect ratio of 1.586, which is only 2% smaller than the golden ratio. A rectangle that is one mile long by one kilometer wide is within 1% of a golden rectangle, with a mile being exactly 1.609344 km.
The "Golden Ratio" and how it relates to my paintings